Featured
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Titanium:sapphire-on-insulator integrated lasers and amplifiers
A photonic platform enables miniaturization and scalability of titanium:sapphire photonic technology,reducing footprint and cost by three orders of magnitude.
- Joshua Yang
- , Kasper Van Gasse
- &Jelena Vučković
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Heterogeneous integration of spin–photon interfaces with a CMOS platform
A modular quantum system-on-chip architecture integrates thousands of individually addressable spin qubits in two-dimensional quantum microchiplet arrays into an integrated circuit designed for cryogenic control, supporting full connectivity for quantum memory arrays across spin–photon channels.
- Linsen Li
- , Lorenzo De Santis
- &Dirk Englund
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| Open AccessFull-colour 3D holographic augmented-reality displays with metasurface waveguides
We develop a method for providing high-quality, holographic, three-dimensional augmented-reality images in a small form factor suitable for incorporation in eyeglass-scale wearables, using high-refraction-index glass waveguides with nanoscale metasurfaces, and incorporating artificial intelligence.
- Manu Gopakumar
- , Gun-Yeal Lee
- &Gordon Wetzstein
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Label-free detection and profiling of individual solution-phase molecules
Enhanced light–molecule interactions in high-finesse fibre-based Fabry–Pérot microcavities are used to detect and profile individual unlabelled solution-phase biomolecules, leading to potential applications in the life and chemical sciences.
- Lisa-Maria Needham
- , Carlos Saavedra
- &Randall H. Goldsmith
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| Open AccessDecoupling excitons from high-frequency vibrations in organic molecules
A molecular design strategy for reducing the vibration-induced non-radiative losses in emissive organic semiconductors is realized by decoupling excitons from high-frequency vibrations.
- Pratyush Ghosh
- , Antonios M. Alvertis
- &Akshay Rao
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Article
| Open AccessIntegrated optical frequency division for microwave and mmWave generation
A miniaturized optical frequency division system that could transfer the generation of microwaves, with superior spectral purity, to a complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor-compatible integrated photonic platform is demonstrated showing potential for large-volume, low-cost manufacturing for many applications.
- Shuman Sun
- , Beichen Wang
- &Xu Yi
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Integrated frequency-modulated optical parametric oscillator
An integrated device that combines optical parametric oscillation and electro-optic modulation in lithium niobate creates a flat-topfrequency-comb-like output with low power requirements.
- Hubert S. Stokowski
- , Devin J. Dean
- &Amir H. Safavi-Naeini
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Integrated lithium niobate microwave photonic processing engine
An integrated lithium niobate photonic processing engine performs integration and differentiation of analogue signals, solves ordinary differential equations, generates ultra-wideband microwave signals and detects edges in images.
- Hanke Feng
- , Tong Ge
- &Cheng Wang
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A 3D nanoscale optical disk memory with petabit capacity
Optical nanoscaledisk memory with petabit-level capacity is developed by extending the recording architecture to three dimensions with hundreds of layers, and exabit-level storage can be achieved by stacking the disks into arrays.
- Miao Zhao
- , Jing Wen
- &Min Gu
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Room temperature operation of germanium–silicon single-photon avalanche diode
A germanium–silicon single-photon avalanche diode operated at room temperature shows a noise-equivalent power improvement over the previous Ge-based single-photon avalanche diodes by 2–3.5 orders of magnitude.
- Neil Na
- , Yen-Cheng Lu
- &Shu-Lu Chen
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Nozaki–Bekki solitons in semiconductor lasers
Free-running stable optical dissipative solitons, called Nozaki–Bekki solitons, are created in a ring semiconductor laser; their spontaneous formation with tuning of laser bias eliminates the need for an external optical pump.
- Nikola Opačak
- , Dmitry Kazakov
- &Benedikt Schwarz
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Multifunctional ytterbium oxide buffer for perovskite solar cells
Ytterbium oxide buffer layer for use in perovskite solar cells yields a certified power conversion efficiency of more than 25%, which enhances stability across a wide variety of perovskite compositions.
- Peng Chen
- , Yun Xiao
- &Rui Zhu
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| Open AccessAll-analog photoelectronic chip for high-speed vision tasks
An all-analog chip combining electronic and light computing achieves systemic energy efficiency of more than three orders of magnitude and a computing speed of more than one order of magnitude compared with state-of-the-art computing processors.
- Yitong Chen
- , Maimaiti Nazhamaiti
- &Qionghai Dai
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Flatband λ-Ti3O5 towards extraordinary solar steam generation
A route to greatly elevate joint densities of states by introducing a flat-band electronic structure is demonstrated, showing metallicλ-Ti3O5 powders have a high solar absorptivity and offering insights into access to cost-effective solar-to-steam generation.
- Bo Yang
- , Zhiming Zhang
- &Liang Zuo
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| Open Access3D integration enables ultralow-noise isolator-free lasers in silicon photonics
Three-dimensional integration of distributed-feedback lasers and ultralow-loss silicon nitride waveguides results in ultralow-noise lasers without the need for optical isolators.
- Chao Xiang
- , Warren Jin
- &John E. Bowers
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The break of earthquake asperities imaged by distributed acoustic sensing
Distributed acousticsensing technology is utilized to image four high-frequency rupture subevents of the 2021 Antelope Valley, California, earthquake; the results indicate that the subevents are due to the breaking of fault asperities.
- Jiaxuan Li
- , Taeho Kim
- &Zhongwen Zhan
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Heat-assisted detection and ranging
Heat-assisted detection and ranging is experimentally shown to see texture and depth through darkness as if it were day, and also perceives decluttered physical attributes beyond RGB or thermal vision.
- Fanglin Bao
- , Xueji Wang
- &Zubin Jacob
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Frequency–angular resolving LiDAR using chip-scale acousto-optic beam steering
Three-dimensional imaging using a frequency–angular resolving and frequency-modulated continuous-wave LiDAR enabled by a chip-scaleacousto-optic beam-steering device has been demonstrated, with the simplicity and low cost of the device making this a promising technology.
- Bingzhao Li
- , Qixuan Lin
- &Mo Li
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Concurrent self-assembly of RGB microLEDs for next-generation displays
A new transfer method for microLEDs fabrication based on fluidic self-assembly technology combining magnetic and dielectrophoresis forces is described, achieving a very high simultaneous RGB LED transfer yield and over large areas.
- Wonjae Chang
- , Jungsub Kim
- &Jeong Soo Lee
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Self-powered perovskite photon-counting detectors
Suppression of shallow traps responsible for dark count rates in polycrystalline methylammonium lead triiodide using diphenyl sulfide enables the production of metal-halide perovskite photon-counting detectors that allow sensitive detection of γ-ray spectra.
- Ying Zhou
- , Chengbin Fei
- &Jinsong Huang
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| Open AccessUltrafast tunable lasers using lithium niobate integrated photonics
A frequency-tunable laser based on a hybrid silicon nitride and lithium niobate integrated photonic platform has a fast tuning rate and could be used for optical ranging applications.
- Viacheslav Snigirev
- , Annina Riedhauser
- &Tobias J. Kippenberg
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A photonic integrated continuous-travelling-wave parametric amplifier
By using Si3N4 photonic integrated circuits on a silicon chip, a continuous-travelling-wave parametric amplifier is shown to yield a parametric gain exceeding both on-chip propagation loss as well as fibre–chip–fibre coupling losses.
- Johann Riemensberger
- , Nikolai Kuznetsov
- &Tobias J. Kippenberg
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A hybrid optical–wireless network for decimetre-level terrestrial positioning
A terrestrial networked positioning system based on a hybrid optical–wireless telecommunication infrastructure and that is independent of global navigation satellite systems is demonstrated for urban environments with decimetre-level accuracy.
- Jeroen C. J. Koelemeij
- , Han Dun
- &Christian C. J. M. Tiberius
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| Open AccessAn integrated imaging sensor for aberration-corrected 3D photography
A meta-imaging sensor detects an extra-fine4D light field distribution using a vibrating microlens array, enabling high-resolution 3D photography up to a gigapixel with fast aberration correction, demonstrated on a telescope aimed at the Moon.
- Jiamin Wu
- , Yuduo Guo
- &Qionghai Dai
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| Open AccessExtending the spectrum of fully integrated photonics to submicrometre wavelengths
Fully integrated photonics at submicrometre wavelengths is realized by a heterogeneous integration technology.
- Minh A. Tran
- , Chong Zhang
- &Tin Komljenovic
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| Open AccessSelf-emergence of robust solitons in a microcavity
Slow nonlinearities of a free-running microresonator-filtered fibre laser are shown to transform temporal cavity solitons into the system’s dominant attractor, leading to reliable self-starting oscillation of microcavity-solitons that are naturally robust to perturbations.
- Maxwell Rowley
- , Pierre-Henry Hanzard
- &Alessia Pasquazi
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| Open AccessExperimental demonstration of optical stochastic cooling
Stochastic cooling at optical frequencies is demonstrated in an experiment at the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory’s Integrable Optics Test Accelerator, substantially increasing the bandwidth of stochastic cooling compared with conventional systems.
- J. Jarvis
- , V. Lebedev
- &A. Valishev
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Anti-reflection structure for perfect transmission through complex media
An anti-reflection structure is used to eliminate allback scattering of light passing through a diffusive medium.
- Michael Horodynski
- , Matthias Kühmayer
- &Matthieu Davy
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| Open AccessMicrocomb-driven silicon photonic systems
A simple and power-efficient microcomb source is used to drive complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor silicon photonic engines, a step towards the next generation of fully integrated photonic systems.
- Haowen Shu
- , Lin Chang
- &John E. Bowers
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| Open AccessThermophotovoltaic efficiency of 40%
Two-junction TPV cells with efficiencies of more than 40% are reported, using an emitter with a temperature between 1,900 and 2,400 °C, for integration into a TPV system for thermal energy grid storage.
- Alina LaPotin
- , Kevin L. Schulte
- &Asegun Henry
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| Open AccessA large-scale microelectromechanical-systems-based silicon photonics LiDAR
A large focal plane switch array is constructed to steer the laser beam of a LiDAR system, leading to 3D imaging with 16,384 pixels, improving the resolution and coverage of solid-state LiDARs.
- Xiaosheng Zhang
- , Kyungmok Kwon
- &Ming C. Wu
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On-chip electro-optic frequency shifters and beam splitters
Engineering of the coupling between optical modes in a lithium niobate chip enables the realization of tunable, bi-directional and low-loss electro-optic frequency shifters controlled using only continuous and single-tone microwaves.
- Yaowen Hu
- , Mengjie Yu
- &Marko Lončar
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The role of charge recombination to triplet excitons in organic solar cells
A substantial pathway for energy loss in organic solar cells may be suppressed by engineering hybridization between non-fullereneacceptor triplet excitons and spin-triplet charge transfer excitons.
- Alexander J. Gillett
- , Alberto Privitera
- &Richard H. Friend
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Towards real-time photorealistic 3D holography with deep neural networks
A deep-learning-based approach using a convolutional neural network is used to synthesize photorealistic colour three-dimensional holograms from a single RGB-depth image in real time, and termed tensor holography.
- Liang Shi
- , Beichen Li
- &Wojciech Matusik
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Experimental quantum speed-up in reinforcementlearning agents
A reinforcementlearning experiment using a programmable integrated nanophotonic processor shows that a quantum communication channel with the environment speeds up the learning process of an agent.
- V. Saggio
- , B. E. Asenbeck
- &P. Walther
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Efficient perovskite solar cells via improved carrier management
An improved device design for perovskite-based photovoltaic cells enables a certified power conversion efficiency of 25.2 per cent, translating to 80.5 per cent of the thermodynamic limit for its bandgap, which approaches those achieved by silicon solar cells.
- Jason J. Yoo
- , Gabkyung Seo
- &Jangwon Seo
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A universal 3D imaging sensor on a silicon photonics platform
A compact, high-performance silicon photonics-based light detection and ranging system for three-dimensional imaging is developed that should be amenable to low-cost mass manufacturing
- Christopher Rogers
- , Alexander Y. Piggott
- &Remus Nicolaescu
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An integrated space-to-ground quantum communication network over 4,600 kilometres
A quantum network that combines 700 fibre and two ground-to-satellite links achieves quantum key distribution between more than 150 users over a combined distance of 4,600 kilometres.
- Yu-Ao Chen
- , Qiang Zhang
- &Jian-Wei Pan
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Integrated multi-wavelength control of an ion qubit
A surface-electrode ion-trap chip is demonstrated, which delivers all the wavelengths of light required for the preparation and operation of ion qubits.
- R. J. Niffenegger
- , J. Stuart
- &J. Chiaverini
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Review Article |
Programmable photonic circuits
The current state of programmable photonic integrated circuits is discussed, including recent developments in their building blocks, circuit architectures, electronic control and programming strategies, as well as different application spaces.
- Wim Bogaerts
- , Daniel Pérez
- &Andrea Melloni
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Near-perfect photon utilization in an air-bridge thermophotovoltaic cell
An air gap embedded within the structure of a thermophotovoltaic device acts as a near-perfect reflector of low-energy photons, resulting in their recovery and recycling by the thermal source, enabling excellent power-conversion efficiency.
- Dejiu Fan
- , Tobias Burger
- &Stephen R. Forrest
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Plasmonic enhancement of stability and brightness in organic light-emitting devices
Plasmonic effects in organic light-emitting devices, which are normally considered a source of energy loss, are harnessed to enhance the stability of these devices while maintaining operational efficiency.
- Michael A. Fusella
- , Renata Saramak
- &Julia J. Brown
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Monolithic piezoelectric control of soliton microcombs
By monolithicallyintegrating piezoelectric actuators on ultralow-loss photonic circuits, soliton microcombs—a spectrum of sharp lines over a range of optical frequencies—can be modulated at high speeds with megahertz bandwidths.
- Junqiu Liu
- , Hao Tian
- &Tobias J. Kippenberg
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Optical Fourier surfaces
Combining thermal scanning-probe lithography with templating enables the production of high-quality gratings that manipulate light through Fourier-spectrum engineering in ways that are not achievable with conventional gratings.
- Nolan Lassaline
- , Raphael Brechbühler
- &David J. Norris
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Integrated turnkey soliton microcombs
A turnkey regime for soliton microcombs is demonstrated, in which solitons are generated by switching on a co-integrated pump laser, eliminating the need for photonic and electronic control circuitry.
- Boqiang Shen
- , Lin Chang
- &John E. Bowers
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Massively parallel coherent laser ranging using a soliton microcomb
A massively parallel coherent light detection and ranging (lidar) scheme using a soliton microcomb—a light source that emits a wide spectrum of sharp lines with equally spaced frequencies—is described.
- Johann Riemensberger
- , Anton Lukashchuk
- &Tobias J. Kippenberg
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Ultrafast machine vision with 2D material neural network image sensors
A two-dimensional semiconductor photodiode array senses and processes optical images simultaneously without latency, and is trained to classify and encode images with high throughput, acting as an artificial neural network.
- Lukas Mennel
- , Joanna Symonowicz
- &Thomas Mueller
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Observation of the exceptional-point-enhanced Sagnac effect
precisely controllable integrated optical gyroscope based on stimulated Brillouin scattering is used to study non-Hermitian physics, revealing a four-fold enhancement of the Sagnac scale factor near exceptional points.
- Yu-Hung Lai
- , Yu-Kun Lu
- &Kerry Vahala
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Non-Hermitian ringlaser gyroscopes with enhanced Sagnac sensitivity
A method based on non-Hermitian singularities, or exceptional points, is established and used to increase the Sagnac scale factor and enhance the sensitivity of ring-laser gyroscopes.
- Mohammad P. Hokmabadi
- , Alexander Schumer
- &Mercedeh Khajavikhan
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A volumetric display for visual, tactile and audio presentation using acoustic trapping
A volumetric display that can simultaneously deliver visual, tactile and auditory content is demonstrated.
- Ryuji Hirayama
- , Diego Martinez Plasencia
- &Sriram Subramanian
